VelvetVelvet comes in various types: cut; pile-on-pile with two- or three-heights; two-, three-, four-pile velvets (polychrome); uncut; cisele; brocaded; "allucciolat"; "a riccio 'or"; stamped or gauffered; chine; plush; miniature; sans-pareil; Gandin; bombe; Utrecht. For instance, the Genoa velvet has a multicoloured pile on a satin ground. The pile may be cut or uncut and the yarns could be natural or man-made. The Utrecht velvet has half the pile threads over each wire so that the tufts are arranged alternately and the foundation cloth is more uniformly covered. |
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The pile threads are firmly stitched into the foundation and the ground weave is two and two warp rib, but the pile and ground weaves together give a two and two hopshack foundation.
The pile warp may be mohair, silk or man-made yarns, with the ground warp and weft in cotton. The quality of the velvet is determined by the closeness of the tufts and the density and construction of the backing. Two warps are used to produce the velvet: one for the ground and one for the pile. These are separately tensioned but combined to construct the fabric. The yarns used for velvet can be cotton or linen for the ground warp with spun silk, reeled silk, alpaca, mohair, rayons or synthetic yarns for the pile and weft.
Velour - a closely napped fabric with a soft, velvet-like texture, used for clothing and upholstery. It includes some velvet, and all plush-pile surface cloths.
Velvet - a pile woven cotton, silk, and/or rayon fabric with a soft yet sturdy face. Very much like plush but with a shorter pile. The underside is plain.
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